Which of the following types of accuracy refers to the accuracy of spatial data with respect to real-world coordinates?

Absolute accuracy pertains to the degree to which spatial data aligns with real-world coordinates. This type of accuracy is fundamental in geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing, as it assesses how closely the measured locations of features match their actual geographic positions on the Earth's surface. This is crucial for applications where precise location information is required, such as in mapping, land surveying, and various forms of environmental monitoring.

In contrast, relative accuracy refers to the accuracy of spatial data in relation to other data but does not measure alignment with real-world coordinates. Statistical accuracy often deals with the analysis of data distributions and errors in a dataset rather than its spatial correlation to the actual world. Temporal accuracy focuses on the timing of data collection and its relevance to the event being measured, rather than spatial positioning. Therefore, absolute accuracy is the key concept that directly relates to the alignment of spatial data with real-world coordinates.