Which categories belong to the Electromagnetic Spectrum?

The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses a range of electromagnetic radiation types that vary in wavelength and frequency. The correct option includes Gamma rays, Infrared, Microwave, and X-Ray, which are all types of electromagnetic radiation.

Gamma rays have the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum, making them highly energetic. X-rays come next, commonly used in medical imaging because they can penetrate soft tissue but not bone. Following these are Microwaves, which are utilized in telecommunications and cooking, as they have longer wavelengths that can carry information over distances. Infrared radiation, which is emitted as heat, is commonly used in remote controls and thermal imaging.

The other options contain categories that do not fully represent the electromagnetic spectrum or mix different physical phenomena. Ultraviolet, while part of the electromagnetic spectrum, is not paired correctly with Alpha and Beta which refer to particle radiation, not electromagnetic waves. The mention of Sound, Light, Heat, and Magnetic mixes different types of waves and forces, while Visible, Radio, Mechanical, and Chemical includes types that either do not fit (like Mechanical and Chemical) or partially overlap (Visible refers specifically to the light spectrum). Thus, the selected answer accurately reflects the electromagnetic radiation categories within the spectrum.