How does an infrared camera differ in its requirements compared to RGB electro-optical sensors?

An infrared camera primarily detects thermal radiation emitted by objects, which can be significantly different from how RGB electro-optical sensors operate, as these sensors capture visible light within a defined spectrum. One key requirement for many infrared cameras is that they need to be supercooled to operate effectively, especially those designed to detect long-wave infrared (LWIR) radiation. Supercooling reduces thermal noise within the sensor, enhancing its sensitivity and allowing it to produce clearer and more accurate thermal images.

While it is true that some infrared cameras may vary in size or lens materials compared to RGB sensors, such variations are not inherent requirements but rather depend on specific designs and applications. Additionally, while infrared cameras may capture a broader spectrum of wavelengths in the infrared range, the defining characteristic that stands out in contrast with RGB electro-optical sensors is the necessity for supercooling in many infrared thermal imaging systems to achieve optimal performance.